20 December 2025, Volume 49 Issue 12

    

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Review
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  Research progress on multi-field coupled failure mechanisms and decoupling strategies for silicon-based anodes

  ZHAO Shaoning, WANG Xinfeng, GUO Jianfeng

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2459-2470. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.001

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  Silicon-based anodes are regarded as key materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, their significant volume changes during lithiation/delithiation lead to multi-field coupled failure, severely hindering their practical engineering application. This review analyzed the stress accumulation, crack propagation behavior, and their complex interactions with electrochemical and thermal effects in silicon anodes during cycling. From a practical application perspective, multiple engineering-feasible decoupling strategies were discussed, including the design of high-performance binders, gradient interface modulation, porous buffer structures, electrode curvature optimization, and system-level thermal-pressure management. The technical pathways for enhancing the cycling stability and safety of silicon-based anodes through multi-scale regulation were summarized, and future key challenges in mechanistic research and model development were outlined.
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  Research progress on safety of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

  KONG Deyu, ZHAO Ziyue, HUAN Qingna

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2471-2484. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.002

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  All-solid-state lithium metal batteries with high theoretical energy density are considered one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage technologies for the future. However, the threat of lithium dendrites and the side reactions at the solid-solid interfaces raise concerns about the safety of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries, which remains to be thoroughly evaluated. This article analyzed the safety of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries from three perspectives: the thermal stability of materials, the mechanical stability of materials, and the interfacial reactions between the lithium metal anode and the solid-state electrolyte. Based on this analysis, it provides guidance and references for the development of intrinsically safe all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.
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  Research progress of transition metal sulfides in magnesium ion batteries

  ZHANG Yide, WEI Wutao, MI Liwei, WANG Hongfang

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2485-2494. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.003

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  Magnesium ion batteries are regarded as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and absence of dendrite formation. However, the high charge density, strong polarization effects, and slow diffusion kinetics of Mg²⁺ present significant challenges. Consequently, the exploration of high-performance cathode materials has become a critical focus in the advancement of magnesium ion batteries. Currently, transition metal sulfides exhibit high applicability as cathode materials for magnesium ion batteries. This paper systematically reviewed and summarized the current state of research on magnesium storage using transition metal sulfides, and proposed modification strategies, including defect engineering, nanostructure modulation, heterostructure engineering, and electrolyte interface regulation, to enhance the electrochemical performance of magnesium ion batteries. This study aims to provide theoretical foundations and technical references for the application of transition metal sulfides in magnesium ion batteries.
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  Development, current standards and countermeasures of energy storage battery industry

  CHEN Wentao, SHEN Shaopeng, ZHANG Shijie, LIU Mingxuan, MA Biao, LIU Shiqiang

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2495-2500. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.004

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  Driven by China's “dual-carbon” goal, the development of electrochemical energy storage, as the core supporting technology for building new power systems, is crucial to energy transformation. Based on the actual development situation of electrochemical energy storage industry in China, this paper sorted out the development status quo from the dimensions of technology evolution, market scale, product development trend, existing standards and safety accidents, deeply analyzed the shortcomings in safety and testing standards, and put forward targeted solutions and suggestions in combination with policy guidance and technology frontier, so as to provide reference for sustainable development of the industry.
Research and design: Chemicalpower sources
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  Intensified structural stability of LiNiO₂ single-crystal Ni-rich cathode by embedded La₄LiNiO₈ phase

  WANG Guoxian, WANG Kai, HU Chengzhi, HUANG Chaoren, SONG Chen, HUANG Sijie, XU Wenyu, CHEN Zhangxian

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2501-2508. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.005

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  Ni-rich cathode materials have garnered significant attention in lithium-ion battery due to their high specific capacity and environmental friendliness. However, challenges of structural and performance degradation caused by surface/interface side reactions and lattice distortion remain to be addressed. Traditional modification methods primarily include doping, coating, and gradient design. Here, La and Ce were introduced to synthesize single-crystal nickel-rich cathode materials with embedded La₄LiNiO₈ perovskite phases. The synergistic effect of the embedded La₄LiNiO₈ phase and Ce⁴⁺ enhances the structural stability and electrochemical performance of the single-crystal LiNiO₂ nickel-rich cathode material by expanding layer spacing, suppressing lattice distortion, and improving surface/interface characteristics. The cycling capacity retention of the single-crystal LiNiO₂ cathode material significantly increased from 30.9% to 94.2% after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. Furthermore, the embedded La₄LiNiO₈ reduces the interfacial impedance of the single-crystal LiNiO₂ Ni-rich cathode material and promotes uniform growth of the cathode electrolyte interphase. This work provides a novel approach for the preparation and modification of single-crystal Ni-rich cathode materials.
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  Preparation and its cathode pre-lithiation performance of highly air-tolerant carbon-coated Li₂NiO₂

  WANG Kai, WANG Guoxian, HU Chengzhi, HUANG Chaoren, SONG Chen, HUANG Sijie, XU Wenyu, CHEN Zhangxian

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2509-2516. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.006

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  Li₂NiO₂ offers the advantage of a high first-cycle charge capacity, and its delithiation voltage is well-matcedh with most cathode materials, making it one of the research hotspots in the field of cathode pre-lithiation. However, Li₂NiO₂ is highly susceptible to degradation upon exposure to air due to reactions with H₂O and CO₂, which results in the formation of inactive byproducts and loss of its pre-lithiation functionality. The low air stability poses significant challenges in terms of storage and during manufacturing processes such as electrode coating and drying. In this work, we for the first time employed a novel dopamine dry-mixing technique followed by high-temperature calcination to prepare a carbon-coated Li₂NiO₂ pre-lithiation agent. The resulting carbon coating effectively inhibits air-induced corrosion, substantially reducing the formation of byproducts such as Li₂CO₃ and LiOH. After 24 hours of air exposure, the first-cycle charge capacity attenuation of Li₂NiO₂ was dramatically reduced from 51.9% to 14.2%. Furthermore, when the carbon-coated Li₂NiO₂ pre-lithiation agent was incorporated into NCM9055 cathodes, the full cell exhibits a 14.9% increase in first-cycle discharge capacity and an 11.5% improvement in capacity retention after 150 cycles.
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  Research on constructing solid-state composite cathodes using surface-modified ionic conductors

  LI Yang, YU Zhihang, LIU Xingjiang

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2517-2522. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.007

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  To address the issue of poor interfacial compatibility between the ceramic electrolyte (acting as the ionic conduction phase) and the cathode active material within the composite cathode of solid-state batteries, surface modification was performed on the Li_6.75La₃Zr_1.75Ta_0.25O₁₂ (LLZTO) ceramic material. Physicochemical analysis and electrochemical testing reveal that alkaline residues on the LLZTO surface reacted with Co-containing transition metal ion compounds, introducing a LiCoO₂ functional derivative layer. This effectively prevented direct contact between the solid electrolyte conduction phase and the cathode active material in the composite cathode, enhancing the compatibility of the heterogeneous interface. A pouch-type solid-state battery based on LLZTO/PVDF-based solid electrolyte system was fabricated using large-scale composite electrode with modified ionic conduction ceramic material. The cathode active material exhibits promising electrochemical characteristics with a capacity retention rate of 91.8% after 50 cycles.
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  Effect of SiC anode contents on performance of high specific energy battery

  AN Qi, WANG Zhichang, MA Hongyun, CI Xin

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2523-2532. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.008

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  A series of tests were conducted on lithium-ion batteries of the same model with SiC content of 30%, 40%, and 45% in the anode. The results show that increasing the SiC content in the anode leads to a decrease in initial efficiency and voltage plateau, thereby adversely affecting energy performance. Additionally, it accelerates the destruction of the electrode structure: when the content increases from 30% to 45%, the cycle life shortens by 304 cycles. Furthermore, a higher SiC content causes a surge in anode resistivity, thereby deteriorating low-temperature discharge performance. However, the introduction of a high-proportion SiC anode effectively reduces the coating amount of both cathode and anode sheets, shortening the lithium-ion migration path. This results in a 3.92% increase in 4.00 C discharge capacity retention rate and a 2.3 ℃ decrease in temperature rise; for 2.00 C charging, the constant current charging ratio is improved by 4.65%. Meanwhile, the lower electrode coating amount reduces side reactions with the electrolyte, improving high-temperature storage performance with a 0.76% increase in capacity recovery rate.
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  Performance evaluation of retired 18650 ternary lithium-ion power batteries

  JIANG Wenzhao, WEI Siliang, ZHENG Zechun, YUAN Weize, HE Zhihui

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2533-2541. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.009

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  With the retired 18650 ternary lithium-ion power batteries as research objects, the residual capacities of the batteries were analyzed under the condition of GB/T 34015-2017, the cycle life and cycle discharge characteristics of the batteries were studied, and the safety performances were tested under the condition of GB/T 40165-2021. The results show that the residual capacities of the batteries are in the range of about 63%-80% of the rated capacity. The discharge capacity and cycle life of retired batteries are related to the rate. The cycle life of retired batteries increases significantly at low current rates, and when the residual capacity of retired batteries is lower than 75% of the rated capacity, their cycle performance decreases significantly. The residual capacity of retired battery cells is between 75% and 80%, with no significant difference in cycle life, and can demonstrate good safety performance through multiple safety tests.
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  Quantitative characterization and modeling of lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries

  CHEN Shuo, ZHANG Rui, DING Fei

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2542-2552. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.010

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  In this study, an electrochemical-thermal coupled model was developed to characterize the behavior of lithium-ion batteries, and its accuracy was validated through comparison with experimental data. Furthermore, the effects of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer growth and lithium plating side reactions on battery performance and lifespan were further incorporated, and a lifetime prediction model was established. Besides, the evolution of the morphology of anode surface was investigated during cycling. Combined with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) experiments, a quantitative analysis of capacity degradation induced by lithium plating was conducted, and the aging rate of lithium plating side reactions was determined via simulation modeling. By comparing the simulation results with experimental data under different C-rates at 0 and 25 ℃,it is found that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the model remains below 6.48% in predicting the remaining available capacity, and the model successfully reproduces the capacity fade phenomena.
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  Lithium battery state of health estimation based on PKO-XGBoost-TCN model

  GAO Guozhang, LIU Changhao, YUAN Yupeng, CHU Jianshu

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2553-2562. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.011

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  Accurate estimation of lithium-ion battery state of health (SOH) is a core function of battery management systems (BMS), critically influencing battery lifespan and operational safety. As a pivotal component of SOH estimation, the extraction and selection of health factors (HFs) directly determine the effectiveness of degradation characterization. This paper proposed an integrated SOH estimation method based on the pied kingfisher optimizer (PKO), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and temporal convolutional network (TCN). The proposed methodology extracted HFs from charging voltage curves and incremental capacity (IC) curves, employed PKO to optimize the XGBoost-based feature selection process for identifying more representative feature combinations, and subsequently utilized TCN to model temporal dependencies and captured long-term degradation patterns. Experimental validation on two public datasets demonstrates the method's superiority through comparative analysis with other machine learning models. Results show that the proposed approach achieves high prediction accuracy, with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) below 1.30% and mean absolute error (MAE) under 0.85% across all datasets. Furthermore, it maintains excellent stability even under reduced data volume conditions.
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  Fuzzy control algorithm of battery equalization for two-stage topology circuits

  CUI Xinwen, FENG Chengtao, CHU Kaibin, ZHU Dong

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2563-2571. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.012

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  To improve battery pack balancing efficiency, this paper proposed a novel two-stage balancing circuit. The first-stage circuit used an optimized Buck-Boost converter for energy transfer among cells within a group. The second-stage circuit adopted a single-inductor topology for energy transfer between groups. In the balancing control strategy, a fuzzy controller was designed based on two key variables: open-circuit voltage (OCV) and state of charge (SOC). Appropriate weight coefficients were introduced to adjust the balancing current according to these two variables. Circuit simulation verified the proposed algorithm. The results show that, compared with the conventional Buck-Boost hierarchical topology, the proposed topology improves the balancing speed by 49.1%; furthermore, compared with the traditional fuzzy control algorithm (FLC), the proposed control method improves the time efficiency of balancing by more than 25%.
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  Research on active balancing strategy of lithium battery pack based on multilayer asymmetric equalization circuit

  REN Shuai, ZHANG Ke, LI Xiang, QIAN Long, WANG Lingqi, QIN Ke, HOU Shijie

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2572-2579. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.013

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  In order to solve the bottleneck of balancing speed caused by the upper limit of active balancing current, a multi-layer asymmetric equalization circuit and an active balancing strategy were proposed. By constructing a multi-layer asymmetric equalization circuit architecture, it adopted an asymmetric Flyback equalization circuit between groups and a double-layer Buck-Boost equalization circuit within groups, and utilized the asymmetric inter-group circuit to differentiate the balanced charge-discharge currents—thereby breaking through the upper limit of balanced discharge current. On this basis, a dual closed-loop balancing strategy for SOC and current based on fuzzy control was designed: the outer loop dynamically generated the reference value of the balancing current based on the SOC deviation and average of SOC, and the PI controller was used to realize accurate current tracking, which improved the balancing efficiency and ensured the safe operation of the battery. Finally, the balancing results obtained from the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform show that compared with the traditional hierarchical active balancing scheme, the balancing speed is increased by 47.3% and the upper limit of the balancing current is increased by 89.5%.
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  Study on dynamic response performance of thermal management system for thermoelectric cooling batteries

  LIN Tao, CHEN Chengdai, LU Changxing, HAN Fengqin

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2580-2587. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.014

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  To address the thermal runaway risks induced by the charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries, this work proposed a dynamic temperature control method based on thermoelectric cooling (TEC). Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the effects of TEC input current(0.43-3.4A), constant discharge rates, and variable discharge rates (0.75 C-1.50 C) on battery temperature, TEC cooling performance, and energy consumption. The results indicate that the TEC input current nonlinearly and positively correlates with the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends. At a current of 1.2 A, the battery temperature rise rate is the lowest, recorded at only 3.29 ℃/h. However, Joule heating and thermal conduction effects lead to a decrease in cooling efficiency as the current increases. At 1.25 C discharge rate, the system's coefficient of performance (COP) reaches a peak value of 3.77. At a high discharge rate of 1.50 C, a current of 3.4 A is required to maintain the battery temperature at or below 30.05 ℃, with total energy consumption increasing to 24.85 Wh, while at a low discharge rate of 0.75 C, the power consumption is only 5.63 Wh. Dynamic temperature control experiments demonstrate that during stepped discharge (with step durations≤5 min), TEC can limit battery temperature fluctuations to within ±1.7 ℃, significantly enhancing operational stability. Under short step duration conditions (1 min), temperature fluctuations are reduced by 50%, and the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends decreases by 60% compared with longer step durations (9 min). This study investigated the balance between cooling capacity and energy consumption under dynamic TEC regulation, as well as the efficient mechanisms of thermoelectric cooling, providing theoretical support for energy efficiency optimization in battery thermal management systems.
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  Preparation of integrated structure composite gel polymer electrolytes

  CUI Mingming, SUN Hong

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2588-2593. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.015

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  Composite gel polymer electrolyte (CGPE) was prepared by synthesizing functional filler (Li-IL@ZIF-67) modified poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) based gel polymer electrolyte. The integrated structure composite gel polymer electrolyte (I-CGPE) was prepared by UV-curing the air cathode and CGPE together and successfully applied in lithium-oxygen batteries. The results show that the CGPE membrane prepared by introducing Li-IL@ZIF-67 has high ionic conductivity and Li⁺ mobility, and the I-CGPE can effectively improve the problems of high resistance and poor contact at the electrolyte/electrode interface. The assembled integrated structure composite gel electrolyte lithium-oxygen batteries cycled 493 cycles at 0.1 mA/cm² current density with long cycle stability.
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  Preparation of ginkgo nut derived porous carbon materials and their zinc storage properties

  ZHU Xiudong, SUN Yayi, TANG Zhiyang, LI Xin, SHENG Zhe

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2594-2601. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.016

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  Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors combine the characteristics of both zinc-ion batteries and supercapacitors, with a battery-type negative electrode and a capacitor-type positive electrode. This hybrid design allows them to achieve both high energy and power densities. Carbon materials, commonly used as positive electrode components, play a crucial role in determining the performance of these devices. In this study, porous carbon nanosheets were synthesized from ginkgo nut using a two-step pyrolysis method, consisting of pre-carbonization followed by KOH activation. The morphological structure and electrochemical properties of the material were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, surface area and porosity measurements, and electrochemical testing. The results show that the ginkgo nut-derived carbon exhibits an interconnected, ultrathin nanosheet structure, primarily composed of micropores, with some mesoporous and macroporous features. The assembled zinc-ion hybrid capacitor demonstrates a maximum specific energy of 166.88 Wh/kg and an outstanding specific power of 11 392.41 W/kg.
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  Effects of voltage-driven Pt state variations on carbon support corrosion in PEMFC cathode

  LI Binqi, ZHOU Fen, ZHANG Hui, PAN Mu

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2602-2610. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.017

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  The electrochemical corrosion problem of cathodic carbon carriers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) severely restricts their lifetimes, and the oxidation state of platinum (Pt) catalysts is closely related to the carbon corrosion behavior. In this study, the carbon corrosion mechanisms of Pt/C electrodes and pure C electrodes driven by different potentials were systematically investigated by real-time monitoring of CO₂ release characteristics by non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy (NDIR), combined with triangular-wave cycling potential and constant potential tests. The carbon corrosion rate of the Pt/C electrode under the triangular wave potential cycling condition has five characteristic peaks, from which seven key characteristic potentials are identified: the forward cycling characteristic potentials TP1, TP2, TP3, and TP4 are 0.20, 0.55, 0.70, and 1.00 V, respectively, and the reverse cycling characteristic potentials TP5, TP6, and TP7 are 1.00, 0.75, and 0.30 V, respectively. Under constant potential operation, unlike the carbon corrosion rate of pure C electrode which increases monotonically with the rise of constant potential, the carbon carrier corrosion rate of Pt/C electrode rises and falls with the rise of constant potential, and the corrosion rate values are in the order of 1.00 V > (0.50 V≈ 0.70 V) > 0.90 V > 0.80 V, which suggests that the fuel cell should be operated to avoid higher and relatively lower operating potentials. Combined with the analysis of the chemical state of the surface of pure carbon electrode and Pt electrode at different potentials, the results show that the catalytic activity of Pt in Pt⁰ state is the highest for carbon carrier corrosion, and with the rise of potential the oxidation degree of Pt is deepened, and its catalytic activity for carbon carrier corrosion is also gradually weakened. Operating at 1.00 V or above for a long time, the catalytic effect of the stable oxides formed on the surface of Pt on carbon corrosion is negligible
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  Effect of geometrical characteristics of boat-shaped blocks on performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

  SUN Peichen, WANG Guanchao, CAI Yonghua, DAI Yuguang

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2611-2618. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.018

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  The role of flow channels in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is critical, as flow field design affects mass transfer and performance. Cell performance can be enhanced by introducing blockages in the flow channel. The cathode-side flow channel must drain promptly to allow oxygen to reach the catalytic layer. To further improve PEMFC performance, this study investigated how blockages affect mass transfer and cell performance by placing three boat-shaped blockages on either side of the cathode flow channel. First, a three-dimensional PEMFC model with a straight channel was constructed to calculate cell power at different current densities. Subsequently, a preliminary three-dimensional model of boat-shaped blockages in the cathode channel was established for simulation and analysis. It is found that the geometry of boat-shaped blockages significantly influences mass transfer enhancement. The lateral block placement can increase oxygen concentration in the diffusion layer and facilitate drainage. The optimization results show that the fuel cell achieves the best performance at high current densities when the boat-shaped block geometry is B3, with a 13.75% improvement in cell performance at 1.9 A/cm².
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  Composite-modified separators for room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries and their prospective applications

  KANG Fengwei, DONG Chunwei, ZHANG Nannan, SU Zhijiang, DONG Yang, WU Fumei

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2619-2625. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.019

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  We fabricated a functionalized separator by coating glass fiber membranes with porous carbon and tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) using a vacuum filtration method, aiming to suppress the polysulfide shuttle effect. The polar WSe₂ chemically anchors polysulfides, while the porous carbon physically adsorbs them through van der Waals forces and active sites. Additionally, nitrogen doping in the porous carbon further enhances polysulfide adsorption. This synergistic effect effectively mitigates the shuttle effect, reduces active material loss, and significantly improves battery cycling stability.
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  Study on performance of nickel chloride cathode based on Li₂SO₄ molten salt electrolyte for thermal batteries

  ZHU Ming, ZHENG Xia, SUN Xuning, HU Xiaowei, WANG Shirui

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2626-2630. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.020

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  To improve the performance of nickel chloride cathode in thermal batteries, the matching performance between Li₂SO₄-based molten salt electrolyte and NiCl₂ cathode was investigated in this work. Moreover, Fe powder, FeS₂ and CoS₂ were used to modify NiCl₂, and the prepared composites were discharged with electrolyte binder based on Li₂SO₄. The results reveal that the electrochemical performance of NiCl₂ cathode with Fe powder is excellent, compared with pure NiCl₂ cathode, the composite cathode shows no voltage hysteresis, and its discharge capacity reaches more than 70% of the theoretical capacity. Furthermore, the cathode composed of carbon-coated NiCl₂ and Fe powder exhibits more outstanding discharge performance, with the 5% increase in discharge capacity compared with the Fe-modified NiCl₂ cathode without carbon coating.
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  Research on power supply design technology for small aircraft

  XI Xiaowen, LI Ping, WANG Zhiyi, ZHENG Hongxing, ZUO Fei, YAO Lisha

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2631-2634. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.021

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  Based on the electrical system requirements of small aircraft for power supply, this article analyzed and discussed the board’s power supply, which is mainly divided into control power supply, ignition power supply, and drive power supply. When designing the control power supply, the discharge mode of control battery, the wiring method of the power channel, the satisfaction of the load terminal voltage, and the starting time of the electrical components should be considered; when designing the ignition power supply, the discharge mode of ignition battery, the wiring method of the power channel and the design of the current limiting resistor should be considered; when designing the drive power supply, the discharge mode of drive battery and the energy loss on the cable should be given special consideration. The research results of this article have important reference significance for the power supply design of small aircraft.
Physical power sources
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  Numerical analysis of performance of novel Cs₂PtI₆-based double perovskite solar cells

  GAN Yongjin, QIU Guixin, ZHOU Yuting, GUO Yangyan, LUO Youhuan

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2635-2643. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.022

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  To construct efficient and stable double perovskite solar cells, Cs₂PtI₆ double perovskite material was proposed as the photoactive layer. And single-layer hole transport layer and double-layer hole transport layer device structures, FTO/SnO₂/Cs₂PtI₆/NiO/Au and FTO/SnO₂/Cs₂PtI₆/CBz-PAI/NiO/Au were constructed on the SCAPS-1D platform, respectively. The numerical research results indicate that, the thickness and defect density of Cs₂PtI₆ layer mainly affect the photon absorption efficiency and recombination rate of the device to affect its performance. The device output efficiency increases with the increase of Cs₂PtI₆ layer thickness, while it decreases with the increase of Cs₂PtI₆ defect density. And the open circuit voltage decreases as the defect density at the Cs₂PtI₆ and hole transport layer interface increases. As the temperature increases, carrier recombination is promoted, leading to a monotonic decrease in device efficiency.
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  Research on laser power supply technology for micro quad-rotor UAV

  YU Zhihang, LI Yanyu, NI Wang, ZHANG Xiaohui, YANG Guofeng, LV Zhaochen, LIU Xingjiang

  Chinese Journal of Power Sources. 2025, 49(12): 2644-2649. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2025.12.023

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  Aiming at the problems of short flight time and low load faced by micro-UAVs, a laser power supply module design method for UAVs considering mass constraints was proposed. Energy and power constraints were added to the design of UAV laser power supply system, and a set of rotary-wing UAV laser power supply module was developed. The relationship between the laser power output of the laser light source and the output power and temperature rise of the laser photovoltaic cell assembly of the rotary-wing UAV was systematically studied. When the input laser power is 180 W, the output power can reach 75.3 W, which meets the hovering power requirements of 500 g micro-UAVs. This research work is of great significance for the design of quad-rotor UAV laser power supply systems.